ABSTRACT
@# Introduction: Urbanisation in Indonesia has been associated with a transition in nutrition which has been, in part, marked by an increased purchasing of readyto-eat, energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods. Women are responsible for purchasing and preparing food for the family. Their purchasing behaviours differ in various environments and population groups. This qualitative study was undertaken to explore the food environmental factors that influenced food purchasing behaviour of women who were the household food gatekeepers. Methods: The study was conducted in a slum area in East Jakarta. Eighteen overweight-obese and nonobese women who fulfilled the study’s inclusion criteria were recruited for interviews that used a semi-structured questionnaire. Emic observations were conducted in order to identify typical food purchasing activities. The data were coded and categorised using qualitative data analysis and research software (Atlas.ti 7 for Windows). Results: Most of the women purchased ready-to-eat foods rather than cook at home, either for the family or their own consumption. Several food environmental factors influenced women’s purchasing behaviour, including time and cost efficiency, food availability, family, exposure to ready-to-eat foods and food store marketing strategies. These factors led to the consumption of unhealthy foods that were high in fat, carbohydrate, sugar and salt that some of which may cause obesity. Conclusion: Purchasing unhealthy food was observed to be strongly linked with food-related environmental factors. This study provides an understanding of women’s food purchasing behaviour and highlight potential ways to foster healthier purchasing behaviour among urban slum dwellers.
ABSTRACT
Introdução: as escolhas alimentares são complexas e mais bem compreendidas quandoreconhecidos os fatores que a influenciam em diferentes níveis, como o indivíduo e oambiente. Apesar do crescente interesse sobre a contribuição do ambiente para oconsumo de alimentos, os estudos ainda são pontuais, os resultados inconsistentes e asevidências restritas aos países de renda alta. Objetivo: Identificar o consumo de frutas ehortaliças (FH) e os fatores individuais e ambientais associados a este consumo entreusuários do Programa Academia da Saúde (PAS) de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais.Métodos: Este trabalho será apresentado em três artigos, um estudo ecológico e doistransversais. No estudo ecológico objetivou-se realizar análise exploratória dascaracterísticas do ambiente e a sua relação com o consumo de FH. Nos estudostransversais objetivou-se identificar a associação entre habilidades individuais e oambiente alimentar percebido com o consumo de FH; e investigar os fatores individuais,familiares e ambientais associados a este consumo. O estudo foi realizado com todos osusuários com 20 anos ou mais, em 18 polos do PAS amostrados por amostragem deconglomerado simples, estratificada pelas nove regiões administrativas do município. Acoleta de dados constituiu de entrevistas com os usuários dos polos do PAS (domínioindividual e familiar) e auditoria em estabelecimentos de FH contidos em buffers comraios de 1.600 metros ao redor dos polos amostrados (domínio ambiental). Os dadosindividuais investigados foram: variáveis biológicas, socioeconômicas (sexo, idade,estado civil, renda, ocupação e educação) e comportamentais (estágio de mudança,autoeficácia, equilíbrio decisão; e habilidades individuais - respostas a frases, em escalalikert, relacionadas a tempo, custo/acessibilidade e habilidade de preparar FH). Paraavaliar o ambiente alimentar, contemplou-se variáveis do ambiente alimentar familiar(segurança alimentar do domicilio)...
Introduction: food choices are complex and better understood when the influences offactors at various levels are recognized, such as the individual and environment. Despitethe growing interest in the contribution of environment to food consumption, findingsare still inconsistent and the evidence is restricted to high-income countries. Objective:To identify fruit and vegetable (FV) intake and the individual and environmental factorsassociated with this consumption among users of the Health Academy Program (HAP)of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Methods: This thesis will be presented in threearticles, one ecological study and two cross-sectional studies. In the ecological study thepurpose was to perform an exploratory analysis of the environmental conditions andtheir relationship with FV intake. The cross-sectional studies aimed to identify theassociation between individual ability and the perceived food environment with FVconsumption; and to examine the individual, family and environmental factorsassociated with this consumption. The study was conducted with all users aged 20 yearsor older from HAP centres sampled via stratified cluster sampling, stratified by the nineadministrative districts of the municipality. Data collection included face-to-faceinterviews with users of HAP centres (individual and family domain), as well as FVstore audits (environmental domain) contained within 1,600 m buffer zones at HAPsites. The individual data investigated were: biological and socioeconomic variables(sex, age, marital status, income, occupation and education) and psychosocial variables(stage of change, self-efficacy, decisional balance; and individual ability - answers toitems on likert scale regarding perceived affordability, time and preparation skills). Inorder to evaluate food environment, we measured variables from home foodenvironment (household food security),...
Subject(s)
Humans , Environment , Eating , Fruit , Vegetables , Multilevel Analysis , Nutrition for Vulnerable Groups , Products Commerce , Socioeconomic Factors , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to develop a reliable measurement tool to assess the urban food environment, particularly focusing on food stores in Korea. METHODS: The items for the measurement tool were selected through systematic literature reviews and adjusted to the Korean food environment. A total of 25 food stores in an urban area were recruited for the pilot test to evaluate the time required for completion of the survey, ease of response, willingness to participate, difficulties in conducting the survey, and appropriateness, and 34 food stores were recruited for assessment of the reliability of the tool using percent agreement and kappa value. RESULTS: The measurement tool is composed of questions regarding food store characteristics, accessibility, and food availability. On average, 26 minutes was required to survey a single food store, and the subjects and interviewers answered that the process was not difficult for the survey. The percent agreement for the inter-rater and test-retest reliability ranged from 93.9~98.8% and 91.9~97.9, respectively. The kappa values ranged from 0.78 to 0.97, which was very high. Percent agreement and kappa value of food with healthy option were lower than those of the general food in the inter-rater reliability (p = 0.0027, p = 0.0095 respectively) as well as in the test-retest reliability (p = 0.0081, p = 0.0290, respectively), although they were still high enough (86.4~98.0% for percent agreement, 0.64~0.96 for kappa value). CONCLUSION: The newly developed measurement tool for assessment of food store environment appears to be feasible and reliable; therefore, it can be applied to research on the association between food environment and dietary behaviors as well as health outcomes.
Subject(s)
KoreaABSTRACT
Lograr una alimentación saludable, que cumpla con los requerimientos calóricos y nutricionales debe ser la meta de las políticas alimentario-nutricionales de un país. Cumplir este objetivo en comunidades desprotegidas, en transición nutricional o de escasos recursos económicos puede requerir la intervención del estado a través de programas de subsidios de alimentos para mejorar la capacidad adquisitiva de los alimentos por parte de estas poblaciones. Un mecanismo utilizado para mejorar la distribución y el acceso a los alimentos, es a través de mercados, supermercados y expendios de alimentos que proporcionen algún beneficio en términos del ahorro al momento de la adquisición de los productos. Con la finalidad de revisar sistemáticamente literatura que presenta estudios de evaluación de expendios de alimentos para programas de alimentación, se realizó una búsqueda en diferentes bases de datos. Al finalizar la búsqueda sistemática se obtuvieron 7 trabajos acorde al tema. Los hallazgos más importantes reportados en estos trabajos fueron los siguientes: la cercanía del expendio de alimentos fue sumamente importante para la adquisición de los alimentos, la oferta de alimentos es determinante (no puede adquirirse lo que no puede encontrarse en un anaquel del expendio), los expendios que ofrecían algún tipo de elemento educativo, promovieron más el conocimiento de salud de la población y finalmente el factor de desigualdad entre la oferta en los mercados de las zonas más afluentes respecto a las zonas menos favorecidas económicamente, pues la diferencia en calidad es importante con detrimento de los vecindarios más desprotegidos. Es importante entonces tomar en cuenta los expendios de alimentos para el buen funcionamiento y cumplimiento de las metas de los programas de subsidio de alimentos(AU)
Promoting a healthy intake of food for reaching the caloric and nutrient requirements of the population should be the aim of the food and nutrition policies of a country. In order to accomplish this objective, in nutrition transition communities and/or low income populations, government intervention might be required through food assistance programs for improving purchase food power and increase the availability of high quality foods at affordable prices. A way to facilitate the distribution and ameliorate the accessibility of different foods is to incorporate supermarket, markets and other types of food stores to canalize the programs objectives in particular to improve savings for the acquisition of foods. The aim of this systematic review was to search in data bases evidence based literature on the topic of food stores used in assistance food programs. 7 articles related to the topic were found. The main findings to describe how important were the markets for improving the distribution and accessibility of high quality foods were: closeness of the store to neighborhoods, the availability of foods since what cannot be found cannot be purchased, nutrition education at the store and disparities in the quality of foods between affluent and low income neighborhoods. All this reasons should taken into account when programming the actions to be taken for food assistance programs(AU)